Permission groups
- owner - owner of the file.
- group - a group of users.
- others - basically everyone.
Permission types
- read
- write
- execute
Changing permissions using numeric code
| Code | Permission | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | No Permission | - - - |
| 1 | Execute | - - x |
| 2 | Write | - w - |
| 3 | Execute + Write | - w x |
| 4 | Read | r - - |
| 5 | Read + Execute | r - x |
| 6 | Read +Write | r w - |
| 7 | Read + Write +Execute | r w x |
Commands for changing file/directory permissions
Viewing permission of a directory or a file.
ls -l #linux
ls -lthr #OSX
Changing file permission of a directory/file.
#sets full access for owner and read + execute permission for group and others.
chmod 755 /path/to/directory
Changing file permissions for a directory and its contents recursively.
chmod -R 755 /path/to/directory
Changing owner of a file or directory
chown rukman spring_security
#for recursively changing ownership -R can be used.
Where rukman should be one the user in the system.
Changing group ownership of a file or directory
chgrp group1 path/to/file
Where group1 is one of the member of user groups in the system.
Other usages
Setting permission and ownership upon creating a directory.
sudo install --owner=rabbitmq --group=rabbitmq --mode=755 \
--directory /var/lib/messageQ/rabbitmq/server
#the install command would also create missing parent directories.
useful links:
pluralsight - linux file permissions
install command - man page
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